Fire Alert System Using Arduino & GSM

step by step guide for Fire Alert System Using Arduino

Prateek 16/06/2023

0 5,068 3 minutes read

Table of Contents

Introduction

In this article, we will guide you through the process of building a fire alert system using the Arduino and GSM modules. This system will provide real-time call and SMS alerts, ensuring the response is damaged. Fire accidents can have devastating consequences, making it crucial to have an efficient fire alert system in place.

Components Required

S.N	Component's	Quantity	Link to Buy
1	Arduino Nano	1
2	GSM module (SIM800l)	1
3	LM2596 Step Down Conveter	1
4	Flame Sensor	1
5	Red Led	1
6	Green Led	1
7	Zero PCB	1
8	9v Power Supply	1

Arduino Nano

The Arduino Nano has used an ATmega328P microcontroller chip.
The ATmega328P operates at a clock speed of 16 MHz.
Flash memory 32KB.
SRAM of 2KB.
1KB of EEPROM.

GSM module (SIM800l)

The GSM module is a compact device that enables communication over the GSM network. It uses a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card to establish a connection with the cellular network.

The SIM800L GSM module requires a stable and regulated power supply of around 3.7-4.2V.

LM2596 Step Down Conveter

LM2596 Step-Down Converter: The LM2596 is a popular step-down (buck) voltage regulator IC that can efficiently convert a higher input voltage to a lower, regulated output voltage. It is capable of handling input voltages higher than the desired output voltage, making it suitable for a wide range of power supply applications.

Voltage Regulation: The LM2596 Step Down Converter can regulate the output voltage using a potentiometer to set the desired voltage level.
Adjust the output voltage to match the required voltage range of the SIM800L GSM module (3.7-4.2V) by turning the potentiometer.

Flame Sensor

The working flame sensor, at the top, is a photodiode available and detects the fire. if the fire is detected the photodiode anode pin is high and is given to the signal of LM393 IC.

If the fire is detected The Digital value is LOW(0v) and if not detected any fire the output value is HIGH(5v) and the output pin is connected to any digital pin of a microcontroller like Arduino.
if you are more interested to know how the flame sensor work just go through the article.

The Flame Sensor typically has three pins: VCC, GND, and OUT.

VCC: The pin to connect to a positive terminal (5V).
GND: The pin to connect to a ground terminal (0V).
OUT: The pin to connect to a digital input pin of the microcontroller.
This pin outputs a digital signal (HIGH or LOW) based on the presence or absence of flames.

Circuit Diagram

Arduino Nano

- Connect the power (VCC) and ground (GND) pins of the Arduino Nano to the respective power and ground rails of the breadboard or power supply.
- Connect pin 2 of the Arduino Nano to the RX pin of the GSM SIM800L module.
- Connect pin 3 of the Arduino Nano to the TX pin of the GSM SIM800L module.
- Connect pin 6 of the Arduino Nano to the signal pin of the fire sensor.
- Connect pin 3 of the Arduino Nano to the LED for SMS indication.
- Connect pin 4 of the Arduino Nano to the LED for call indication.

GSM SIM800L Module

- Connect the power (3.7V for LM2596) and ground (GND) pins of the GSM SIM800L module to the respective power and ground rails of the breadboard or power supply.
- Connect the TX pin of the GSM SIM800L module to pin 2 of the Arduino Nano.
- Connect the RX pin of the GSM SIM800L module to pin 3 of the Arduino Nano.

Fire Sensor

- Connect the VCC pin of the fire sensor to the power rail of the breadboard or power supply.
- Connect the GND pin of the fire sensor to the ground rail of the breadboard or power supply.
- Connect the signal pin of the fire sensor to pin 6 of the Arduino Nano.

LEDs

- Connect the positive leg (anode) of the SMS LED to pin 3 of the Arduino Nano.
- Connect the positive leg (anode) of the call LED to pin 4 of the Arduino Nano.
- Connect the negative leg (cathode) of both LEDs.

Code

//Prateek
//https://justdoelectronics.com
//https://www.youtube.com/c/JustDoElectronics/videos

#include <EEPROM.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial GSM(2, 3);

char phone_no[] = "+9188305848xx";

#define sensorPin 6
#define led_sms 3
#define led_call 4
int read_value;

int sms_Status, call_Status;
int flag = 0;
int var_1 = 0, var_2 = 0;
char input_string[15];

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(9600);
  GSM.begin(9600);

  pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(led_sms, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led_call, OUTPUT);

  Serial.println("Initializing....");
  initModule("AT", "OK", 1000);
  initModule("ATE1", "OK", 1000);
  initModule("AT+CPIN?", "READY", 1000);
  initModule("AT+CMGF=1", "OK", 1000);
  initModule("AT+CNMI=2,2,0,0,0", "OK", 1000);
  Serial.println("Initialized Successfully");
  //Prateek
  //wwww.prateeks.in
  //https://www.youtube.com/c/JustDoElectronics/videos
  sendSMS(phone_no, "Start GSM Fire Alert System");


  sms_Status = EEPROM.read(1);
  call_Status = EEPROM.read(2);
}

void loop() {
  readSMS();

  read_value = digitalRead(sensorPin);

  if (read_value == 1) {
    flag = 0;
  } else {
    if (flag == 0) {
      flag = 1;
      if (sms_Status == 1) { sendSMS(phone_no, "Fire Alert...."); }
      delay(1000);
      if (call_Status == 1) { callUp(phone_no); }
    }
    delay(1000);
  }

  if (var_1 == 1) {
    if (!(strncmp(input_string, "Sms On", 6))) {
      sms_Status = 1;
      EEPROM.write(1, sms_Status);
      sendSMS(phone_no, "Message is Active");
    } else if (!(strncmp(input_string, "Sms Off", 7))) {
      sms_Status = 0;
      EEPROM.write(1, sms_Status);
      sendSMS(phone_no, "Message is Deactivate");
    }

    else if (!(strncmp(input_string, "Call On", 7))) {
      call_Status = 1;
      EEPROM.write(2, call_Status);
      sendSMS(phone_no, "Call is Active");
    } else if (!(strncmp(input_string, "Call Off", 8))) {
      call_Status = 0;
      EEPROM.write(2, call_Status);
      sendSMS(phone_no, "Call is Deactivate");
    }

    var_1 = 0;
    var_2 = 0;
  }

  digitalWrite(led_sms, sms_Status);
  digitalWrite(led_call, call_Status);
}

void sendSMS(char *number, char *msg) {
  GSM.print("AT+CMGS=\"");
  GSM.print(number);
  GSM.println("\"\r\n");
  delay(500);
  GSM.println(msg);
  delay(500);
  GSM.write(byte(26));
  delay(5000);
}

void callUp(char *number) {
  GSM.print("ATD + ");
  GSM.print(number);
  GSM.println(";");
  delay(1000);
}


void readSMS() {
  while (GSM.available() > 0) {

    if (GSM.find("/123"))

    {
      delay(1000);
      while (GSM.available()) {
        char input_char = GSM.read();
        input_string[var_2++] = input_char;
        if (input_char == '/') {
          var_1 = 1;
          return;
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


void initModule(String cmd, char *res, int t) {
  while (1) {
    Serial.println(cmd);
    GSM.println(cmd);
    delay(100);
    while (GSM.available() > 0) {
      if (GSM.find(res)) {
        Serial.println(res);
        delay(t);
        return;
      } else {
        Serial.println("Error");
      }
    }
    delay(t);
  }
}

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//Prateek

//https://justdoelectronics.com

//https://www.youtube.com/c/JustDoElectronics/videos

#include <EEPROM.h>

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial GSM(2, 3);

char phone_no[] = "+9188305848xx";

#define sensorPin 6

#define led_sms 3

#define led_call 4

int read_value;

int sms_Status, call_Status;

int flag = 0;

int var_1 = 0, var_2 = 0;

char input_string[15];

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

GSM.begin(9600);

pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);

pinMode(led_sms, OUTPUT);

pinMode(led_call, OUTPUT);

Serial.println("Initializing....");

initModule("AT", "OK", 1000);

initModule("ATE1", "OK", 1000);

initModule("AT+CPIN?", "READY", 1000);

initModule("AT+CMGF=1", "OK", 1000);

initModule("AT+CNMI=2,2,0,0,0", "OK", 1000);

Serial.println("Initialized Successfully");

//Prateek

//wwww.prateeks.in

//https://www.youtube.com/c/JustDoElectronics/videos

sendSMS(phone_no, "Start GSM Fire Alert System");

sms_Status = EEPROM.read(1);

call_Status = EEPROM.read(2);

}

void loop() {

readSMS();

read_value = digitalRead(sensorPin);

if (read_value == 1) {

flag = 0;

} else {

if (flag == 0) {

flag = 1;

if (sms_Status == 1) { sendSMS(phone_no, "Fire Alert...."); }

delay(1000);

if (call_Status == 1) { callUp(phone_no); }

}

delay(1000);

}

if (var_1 == 1) {

if (!(strncmp(input_string, "Sms On", 6))) {

sms_Status = 1;

EEPROM.write(1, sms_Status);

sendSMS(phone_no, "Message is Active");

} else if (!(strncmp(input_string, "Sms Off", 7))) {

sms_Status = 0;

EEPROM.write(1, sms_Status);

sendSMS(phone_no, "Message is Deactivate");

}

else if (!(strncmp(input_string, "Call On", 7))) {

call_Status = 1;

EEPROM.write(2, call_Status);

sendSMS(phone_no, "Call is Active");

} else if (!(strncmp(input_string, "Call Off", 8))) {

call_Status = 0;

EEPROM.write(2, call_Status);

sendSMS(phone_no, "Call is Deactivate");

}

var_1 = 0;

var_2 = 0;

}

digitalWrite(led_sms, sms_Status);

digitalWrite(led_call, call_Status);

}

void sendSMS(char *number, char *msg) {

GSM.print("AT+CMGS=\"");

GSM.print(number);

GSM.println("\"\r\n");

delay(500);

GSM.println(msg);

delay(500);

GSM.write(byte(26));

delay(5000);

}

void callUp(char *number) {

GSM.print("ATD + ");

GSM.print(number);

GSM.println(";");

delay(1000);

}

void readSMS() {

while (GSM.available() > 0) {

if (GSM.find("/123"))

{

delay(1000);

while (GSM.available()) {

char input_char = GSM.read();

input_string[var_2++] = input_char;

if (input_char == '/') {

var_1 = 1;

return;

}

void initModule(String cmd, char *res, int t) {

while (1) {

Serial.println(cmd);

GSM.println(cmd);

delay(100);

while (GSM.available() > 0) {

if (GSM.find(res)) {

Serial.println(res);

delay(t);

return;

} else {

Serial.println("Error");

}

delay(t);

}

Video

Conclusion

Fire alert systems using the Arduino Nano can significantly improve response times and reduce the damage caused by fire accidents. With real-time call and SMS alerts, emergency contacts can be immediately notified, allowing them to take prompt action.

More Arduino Tutorial

Introduction

Components Required

Arduino Nano

GSM module (SIM800l)

LM2596 Step Down Conveter

Flame Sensor

Circuit Diagram

Arduino Nano

GSM SIM800L Module

Fire Sensor

LEDs

Code

Video

Conclusion

Prateek

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