Vehicle Accident Alert System Using ADXL-335 Sensor

Vehicle Accident Alert System Using ADXL-335 Sensor | GSM | GPS

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Table of Contents

Introduction

In this article, we demonstrate a Vehicle Accident Alert System that utilizes the ADXL-335 accelerometer sensor, GSM module, and GPS technology to enhance road safety.

The ADXL-335 sensor detects sudden changes in acceleration, indicating potential accidents. When a collision is detected, the system immediately sends an alert message with the vehicle’s GPS location to emergency contacts via GSM.

Bill of material

Arduino Nano

ADXL-335 Sensor

Sim800l GSM Module

GPS Neo-6m Module

LM2596 Stepdown Converter

Buzzer

Push Button

Circuit Diagram

Code

LiquidCrystal_I2C

AltSoftSerial

TinyGPS++

Set ADXL-335 Sensor Magnitude Using The Code

Open the Serial Monitor And check the ADXL335 Sensor reading.

//Prateek
//www.justdoelectronics.com

const int x = A0;
const int y = A1;
const int z = A2;

int xv = 0, yv = 0, zv = 0;

#define buzzer 12

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("Serial.begin");
  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
  delay(2000);
}

void loop() {
  adxl();
  delay(1000);
}

void adxl() {
  xv = analogRead(x);
  yv = analogRead(y);
  zv = analogRead(z);
  Serial.print("x= ");
  Serial.print(xv);
  Serial.print(" y= ");
  Serial.print(yv);
  Serial.print(" z= ");
  Serial.println(zv);

  if ((xv < 280) || (xv > 380) || (yv < 280) || (yv > 380)) {
    Serial.println("Accident happen");
    digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH);
  } else {
    Serial.println("Normal");
    digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW);
  }
}

//Prateek

//www.justdoelectronics.com

const int x = A0;

const int y = A1;

const int z = A2;

int xv = 0, yv = 0, zv = 0;

#define buzzer 12

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

Serial.println("Serial.begin");

pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);

delay(2000);

}

void loop() {

adxl();

delay(1000);

}

void adxl() {

xv = analogRead(x);

yv = analogRead(y);

zv = analogRead(z);

Serial.print("x= ");

Serial.print(xv);

Serial.print(" y= ");

Serial.print(yv);

Serial.print(" z= ");

Serial.println(zv);

if ((xv < 280) || (xv > 380) || (yv < 280) || (yv > 380)) {

Serial.println("Accident happen");

digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH);

} else {

Serial.println("Normal");

digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW);

}

Now Select the Proper Board And Upload the Code

#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <AltSoftSerial.h>
#include <TinyGPS++.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <Wire.h>

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);

const String EMERGENCY_PHONE = "+9188xxxxxxxx";

#define rxPin 2
#define txPin 3
SoftwareSerial sim800(rxPin, txPin);
AltSoftSerial neogps;
TinyGPSPlus gps;
String sms_status, sender_number, received_date, msg;
String latitude, longitude;

#define BUZZER 13
#define BUTTON 10
#define xPin A0
#define yPin A1
#define zPin A2

byte updateflag;

int xaxis = 0, yaxis = 0, zaxis = 0;
int deltx = 0, delty = 0, deltz = 0;
int vibration = 2, devibrate = 75;
int magnitude = 0;
int sensitivity = 65;
double angle;
boolean impact_detected = false;
unsigned long time1;
unsigned long impact_time;
unsigned long alert_delay = 10000;

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(9600);
  sim800.begin(9600);
  neogps.begin(9600);
  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUTTON, INPUT_PULLUP);
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.clear();
  sms_status = "";
  sender_number = "";
  received_date = "";
  msg = "";
  sim800.println("AT");
  delay(1000);
  sim800.println("ATE1");
  delay(1000);
  sim800.println("AT+CPIN?");
  delay(1000);
  sim800.println("AT+CMGF=1");
  delay(1000);
  sim800.println("AT+CNMI=1,1,0,0,0");
  delay(1000);
  time1 = micros();
  xaxis = analogRead(xPin);
  yaxis = analogRead(yPin);
  zaxis = analogRead(zPin);
}

void loop() {

  if (micros() - time1 > 1999) Impact();
  if (updateflag > 0) {
    updateflag = 0;
    Serial.println("Impact detected!!");
    Serial.print("Magnitude:");
    Serial.println(magnitude);

    getGps();
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);
    impact_detected = true;
    impact_time = millis();

    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Crash Detected");
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("Effect:" + String(magnitude));
  }
  if (impact_detected == true) {
    if (millis() - impact_time >= alert_delay) {
      digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
      delay(1000);
      impact_detected = false;
      impact_time = 0;
    }
  }

  if (digitalRead(BUTTON) == LOW) {
    delay(200);
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
    impact_detected = false;
    impact_time = 0;
  }
  while (sim800.available()) {
    parseData(sim800.readString());
  }
  while (Serial.available()) {
    sim800.println(Serial.readString());
  }
}

void Impact() {
  time1 = micros();
  int oldx = xaxis;
  int oldy = yaxis;
  int oldz = zaxis;

  xaxis = analogRead(xPin);
  yaxis = analogRead(yPin);
  zaxis = analogRead(zPin);

  vibration--;
  if (vibration < 0) vibration = 0;
  if (vibration > 0) return;
  deltx = xaxis - oldx;
  delty = yaxis - oldy;
  deltz = zaxis - oldz;
  magnitude = sqrt(sq(deltx) + sq(delty) + sq(deltz));

  if (magnitude >= sensitivity) {
    updateflag = 1;
    vibration = devibrate;
  }

  else {

    magnitude = 0;
  }
}

void parseData(String buff) {
  Serial.println(buff);

  unsigned int len, index;
  index = buff.indexOf("\r");
  buff.remove(0, index + 2);
  buff.trim();
  if (buff != "OK") {
    index = buff.indexOf(":");
    String cmd = buff.substring(0, index);
    cmd.trim();

    buff.remove(0, index + 2);

    if (cmd == "+CMTI") {

      index = buff.indexOf(",");
      String temp = buff.substring(index + 1, buff.length());
      temp = "AT+CMGR=" + temp + "\r";
      sim800.println(temp);
    } else if (cmd == "+CMGR") {

      if (buff.indexOf(EMERGENCY_PHONE) > 1) {
        buff.toLowerCase();
        if (buff.indexOf("get gps") > 1) {
          getGps();
          String sms_data;
          sms_data = "GPS Location Data\r";
          sms_data += "http://maps.google.com/maps?q=loc:";
          sms_data += latitude + "," + longitude;

        }
      }
    }
  } else {
  }
}

void getGps() {
  boolean newData = false;
  for (unsigned long start = millis(); millis() - start < 2000;) {
    while (neogps.available()) {
      if (gps.encode(neogps.read())) {
        newData = true;
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  if (newData) {
    latitude = String(gps.location.lat(), 6);
    longitude = String(gps.location.lng(), 6);
    newData = false;
  } else {
    Serial.println("No GPS data is available");
    latitude = "";
    longitude = "";
  }

  Serial.print("Latitude= ");
  Serial.println(latitude);
  Serial.print("Lngitude= ");
  Serial.println(longitude);
}



boolean SendAT(String at_command, String expected_answer, unsigned int timeout) {

  uint8_t x = 0;
  boolean answer = 0;
  String response;
  unsigned long previous;

  while (sim800.available() > 0) sim800.read();

  sim800.println(at_command);

  x = 0;
  previous = millis();

  do {
    if (sim800.available() != 0) {
      response += sim800.read();
      x++;
      if (response.indexOf(expected_answer) > 0) {
        answer = 1;
        break;
      }
    }
  } while ((answer == 0) && ((millis() - previous) < timeout));

  Serial.println(response);
  return answer;
}

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#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

#include <AltSoftSerial.h>

#include <TinyGPS++.h>

#include <math.h>

#include <Wire.h>

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);

const String EMERGENCY_PHONE = "+9188xxxxxxxx";

#define rxPin 2

#define txPin 3

SoftwareSerial sim800(rxPin, txPin);

AltSoftSerial neogps;

TinyGPSPlus gps;

String sms_status, sender_number, received_date, msg;

String latitude, longitude;

#define BUZZER 13

#define BUTTON 10

#define xPin A0

#define yPin A1

#define zPin A2

byte updateflag;

int xaxis = 0, yaxis = 0, zaxis = 0;

int deltx = 0, delty = 0, deltz = 0;

int vibration = 2, devibrate = 75;

int magnitude = 0;

int sensitivity = 65;

double angle;

boolean impact_detected = false;

unsigned long time1;

unsigned long impact_time;

unsigned long alert_delay = 10000;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

sim800.begin(9600);

neogps.begin(9600);

pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);

pinMode(BUTTON, INPUT_PULLUP);

lcd.init();

lcd.backlight();

lcd.clear();

sms_status = "";

sender_number = "";

received_date = "";

msg = "";

sim800.println("AT");

delay(1000);

sim800.println("ATE1");

delay(1000);

sim800.println("AT+CPIN?");

delay(1000);

sim800.println("AT+CMGF=1");

delay(1000);

sim800.println("AT+CNMI=1,1,0,0,0");

delay(1000);

time1 = micros();

xaxis = analogRead(xPin);

yaxis = analogRead(yPin);

zaxis = analogRead(zPin);

}

void loop() {

if (micros() - time1 > 1999) Impact();

if (updateflag > 0) {

updateflag = 0;

Serial.println("Impact detected!!");

Serial.print("Magnitude:");

Serial.println(magnitude);

getGps();

digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);

impact_detected = true;

impact_time = millis();

lcd.clear();

lcd.setCursor(0, 0);

lcd.print("Crash Detected");

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);

lcd.print("Effect:" + String(magnitude));

}

if (impact_detected == true) {

if (millis() - impact_time >= alert_delay) {

digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);

delay(1000);

impact_detected = false;

impact_time = 0;

}

if (digitalRead(BUTTON) == LOW) {

delay(200);

digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);

impact_detected = false;

impact_time = 0;

}

while (sim800.available()) {

parseData(sim800.readString());

}

while (Serial.available()) {

sim800.println(Serial.readString());

}

void Impact() {

time1 = micros();

int oldx = xaxis;

int oldy = yaxis;

int oldz = zaxis;

xaxis = analogRead(xPin);

yaxis = analogRead(yPin);

zaxis = analogRead(zPin);

vibration--;

if (vibration < 0) vibration = 0;

if (vibration > 0) return;

deltx = xaxis - oldx;

delty = yaxis - oldy;

deltz = zaxis - oldz;

magnitude = sqrt(sq(deltx) + sq(delty) + sq(deltz));

if (magnitude >= sensitivity) {

updateflag = 1;

vibration = devibrate;

}

else {

magnitude = 0;

}

void parseData(String buff) {

Serial.println(buff);

unsigned int len, index;

index = buff.indexOf("\r");

buff.remove(0, index + 2);

buff.trim();

if (buff != "OK") {

index = buff.indexOf(":");

String cmd = buff.substring(0, index);

cmd.trim();

buff.remove(0, index + 2);

if (cmd == "+CMTI") {

index = buff.indexOf(",");

String temp = buff.substring(index + 1, buff.length());

temp = "AT+CMGR=" + temp + "\r";

sim800.println(temp);

} else if (cmd == "+CMGR") {

if (buff.indexOf(EMERGENCY_PHONE) > 1) {

buff.toLowerCase();

if (buff.indexOf("get gps") > 1) {

getGps();

String sms_data;

sms_data = "GPS Location Data\r";

sms_data += "http://maps.google.com/maps?q=loc:";

sms_data += latitude + "," + longitude;

}

} else {

}

void getGps() {

boolean newData = false;

for (unsigned long start = millis(); millis() - start < 2000;) {

while (neogps.available()) {

if (gps.encode(neogps.read())) {

newData = true;

break;

}

if (newData) {

latitude = String(gps.location.lat(), 6);

longitude = String(gps.location.lng(), 6);

newData = false;

} else {

Serial.println("No GPS data is available");

latitude = "";

longitude = "";

}

Serial.print("Latitude= ");

Serial.println(latitude);

Serial.print("Lngitude= ");

Serial.println(longitude);

}

boolean SendAT(String at_command, String expected_answer, unsigned int timeout) {

uint8_t x = 0;

boolean answer = 0;

String response;

unsigned long previous;

while (sim800.available() > 0) sim800.read();

sim800.println(at_command);

x = 0;

previous = millis();

do {

if (sim800.available() != 0) {

response += sim800.read();

x++;

if (response.indexOf(expected_answer) > 0) {

answer = 1;

break;

}

} while ((answer == 0) && ((millis() - previous) < timeout));

Serial.println(response);

return answer;

}

Vehicle Accident Alert System Using ADXL-335 Sensor