Introduction
In this article, we will guide you through the process of creating a secure and user-friendly voting system using Arduino, along with an R307 fingerprint sensor, a 16×2 LCD display, and a push button. By integrating biometric fingerprint recognition, clear visual feedback, and a simple user interface, we can develop an efficient and reliable voting system.
Component Need
S.N | Component's | Quantity |
1 | Arduino Nano | 1 |
2 | 16x2 LCD Display | 1 |
3 | R-307 Fingerprint Sensor | 1 |
4 | Push Button | 8 |
5 | Red Led | 1 |
6 | Green Led | 1 |
7 | Buzzer | 1 |
8 | Zero PCB | 1 |
9 | Power Supply | 1 |
Overview
- System Overview: The system uses an Arduino board as the main controller along with a fingerprint sensor module, an LCD display, push buttons, LEDs, and a buzzer. The Arduino communicates with the fingerprint sensor module to verify the identity of the voters.
- Enrollment Process: Before the voting process begins, voters need to enrol their fingerprints. The Fingerprints are to be stored in the EEPROM memory.
- Voting Process: Once the enrollment is complete, the voting process can begin. Voters place their fingers on the fingerprint sensor, and the system verifies their identity by matching the captured fingerprint with the stored fingerprints in the EEPROM.
- Security and Authentication: The fingerprint sensor provides a high level of security and authentication, as each person’s fingerprint is unique.
- Vote Counting: The system keeps track of the votes by updating the vote count in the EEPROM. The LCD display shows the current vote counts for each candidate.
- System Reset: The system includes a reset functionality that allows all stored fingerprints and vote counts to be cleared, providing a fresh start for a new voting session.
Circuit Diagram
- Arduino board: This is the main microcontroller board that controls the entire system.
- LiquidCrystal: Here we used a 16×2 LCD display. The LCD display is connected to the Arduino board using six digital pins (12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7).
- Adafruit Fingerprint Sensor: This is a fingerprint sensor module used for fingerprint identification. It communicates with the Arduino board over the serial interface.
- Push buttons: The code defines several push buttons connected to the Arduino board. The pins used for these buttons are defined as
enroll,del,up,down,match,sw1,sw2,sw3, andresultsw. These buttons are used for various functions such as enrolling fingerprints, deleting fingerprints, and controlling the voting process. - LEDs: The code uses LEDs to indicate the status of the system. The pins used for the LEDs are defined as
indVoteandindFinger. - Buzzer: A buzzer is used to provide audio feedback. The pin used for the buzzer is defined as
buzzer. - EEPROM: The code utilizes EEPROM memory to store voting records and other data.
Source Code
Important Library
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//Prateek //http://justdoelectronics.com #include <EEPROM.h> #include <LiquidCrystal.h> LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7); #include <Adafruit_Fingerprint.h> uint8_t id; Adafruit_Fingerprint finger = Adafruit_Fingerprint(&Serial); #define enroll 14 #define del 15 #define up 16 #define down 17 #define match 18 #define indVote 6 #define sw1 5 #define sw2 2 #define sw3 3 #define resultsw 4 #define indFinger 7 #define buzzer 6 #define records 25 int vote1, vote2, vote3; int flag; void setup() { delay(1000); pinMode(enroll, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(up, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(down, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(del, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(match, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(sw1, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(sw2, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(sw3, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(resultsw, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT); pinMode(indVote, OUTPUT); pinMode(indFinger, OUTPUT); lcd.begin(16, 2); if (digitalRead(resultsw) == 0) { for (int i = 0; i < records; i++) EEPROM.write(i + 10, 0xff); EEPROM.write(0, 0); EEPROM.write(1, 0); EEPROM.write(2, 0); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("System Reset"); delay(1000); } lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Voting Machine"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("by Finger Print"); delay(2000); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("JustDoElectronics"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Prateek"); delay(2000); if (EEPROM.read(0) == 0xff) EEPROM.write(0, 0); if (EEPROM.read(1) == 0xff) EEPROM.write(1, 0); if (EEPROM.read(1) == 0xff) EEPROM.write(1, 0); //finger.begin(57600); Serial.begin(57600); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Finding Module"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); delay(1000); if (finger.verifyPassword()) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Found Module "); delay(1000); } else { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("module not Found"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Check Connections"); while (1) ; } lcd.clear(); lcd.setCursor(0, 0); lcd.print("Cn1"); lcd.setCursor(4, 0); lcd.print("Cn2"); lcd.setCursor(8, 0); lcd.print("Cn3"); lcd.setCursor(12, 0); lcd.print("Cn4"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); vote1 = EEPROM.read(0); lcd.print(vote1); lcd.setCursor(6, 1); vote2 = EEPROM.read(1); lcd.print(vote2); lcd.setCursor(12, 1); vote3 = EEPROM.read(2); lcd.print(vote3); delay(2000); } void loop() { lcd.setCursor(0, 0); lcd.print("Press Match Key "); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("to start system"); digitalWrite(indVote, LOW); digitalWrite(indFinger, LOW); if (digitalRead(match) == 0) { digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH); delay(200); digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW); digitalWrite(indFinger, HIGH); for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Place Finger"); delay(2000); int result = getFingerprintIDez(); if (result >= 0) { flag = 0; for (int i = 0; i < records; i++) { if (result == EEPROM.read(i + 10)) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Authorised Voter"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Please Wait...."); delay(1000); Vote(); EEPROM.write(i + 10, 0xff); flag = 1; return; } } if (flag == 0) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Already Voted"); //lcd.setCursor(0,1); //lcd.print("") digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH); delay(5000); digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW); return; } } } lcd.clear(); } checkKeys(); delay(1000); } void checkKeys() { if (digitalRead(enroll) == 0) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Please Wait"); delay(1000); while (digitalRead(enroll) == 0) ; Enroll(); } else if (digitalRead(del) == 0) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Please Wait"); delay(1000); delet(); } } void Enroll() { int count = 0; lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Enter Finger ID:"); while (1) { lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print(count); if (digitalRead(up) == 0) { count++; if (count > 25) count = 0; delay(500); } else if (digitalRead(down) == 0) { count--; if (count < 0) count = 25; delay(500); } else if (digitalRead(del) == 0) { id = count; getFingerprintEnroll(); for (int i = 0; i < records; i++) { if (EEPROM.read(i + 10) == 0xff) { EEPROM.write(i + 10, id); break; } } return; } else if (digitalRead(enroll) == 0) { return; } } } void delet() { int count = 0; lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Enter Finger ID"); while (1) { lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print(count); if (digitalRead(up) == 0) { count++; if (count > 25) count = 0; delay(500); } else if (digitalRead(down) == 0) { count--; if (count < 0) count = 25; delay(500); } else if (digitalRead(del) == 0) { id = count; deleteFingerprint(id); for (int i = 0; i < records; i++) { if (EEPROM.read(i + 10) == id) { EEPROM.write(i + 10, 0xff); break; } } return; } else if (digitalRead(enroll) == 0) { return; } } } uint8_t getFingerprintEnroll() { int p = -1; lcd.clear(); lcd.print("finger ID:"); lcd.print(id); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Place Finger"); delay(2000); while (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) { p = finger.getImage(); switch (p) { case FINGERPRINT_OK: //Serial.println("Image taken"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Image taken"); break; case FINGERPRINT_NOFINGER: //Serial.println("No Finger"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("No Finger"); break; case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR: //Serial.println("Communication error"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Comm Error"); break; case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEFAIL: //Serial.println("Imaging error"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Imaging Error"); break; default: //Serial.println("Unknown error"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Unknown Error"); break; } } // OK success! p = finger.image2Tz(1); switch (p) { case FINGERPRINT_OK: //Serial.println("Image converted"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Image converted"); break; case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEMESS: //Serial.println("Image too messy"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Image too messy"); return p; case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR: //Serial.println("Communication error"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Comm Error"); return p; case FINGERPRINT_FEATUREFAIL: //Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Feature Not Found"); return p; case FINGERPRINT_INVALIDIMAGE: //Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Feature Not Found"); return p; default: //Serial.println("Unknown error"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Unknown Error"); return p; } //Serial.println("Remove finger"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Remove Finger"); delay(2000); p = 0; while (p != FINGERPRINT_NOFINGER) { p = finger.getImage(); } p = -1; lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Place Finger"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print(" Again"); while (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) { p = finger.getImage(); switch (p) { case FINGERPRINT_OK: break; case FINGERPRINT_NOFINGER: break; case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR: break; case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEFAIL: break; default: return; } } p = finger.image2Tz(2); switch (p) { case FINGERPRINT_OK: break; case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEMESS: return p; case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR: return p; case FINGERPRINT_FEATUREFAIL: return p; case FINGERPRINT_INVALIDIMAGE: return p; default: return p; } p = finger.createModel(); if (p == FINGERPRINT_OK) { //Serial.println("Prints matched!"); } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR) { //Serial.println("Communication error"); return p; } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_ENROLLMISMATCH) { //Serial.println("Fingerprints did not match"); return p; } else { //Serial.println("Unknown error"); return p; } //Serial.print("ID "); //Serial.println(id); p = finger.storeModel(id); if (p == FINGERPRINT_OK) { //Serial.println("Stored!"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Stored!"); delay(2000); } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR) { //Serial.println("Communication error"); return p; } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_BADLOCATION) { //Serial.println("Could not store in that location"); return p; } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_FLASHERR) { //Serial.println("Error writing to flash"); return p; } else { //Serial.println("Unknown error"); return p; } } int getFingerprintIDez() { uint8_t p = finger.getImage(); if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) return -1; p = finger.image2Tz(); if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) return -1; p = finger.fingerFastSearch(); if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Finger Not Found"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Try Later"); delay(2000); return -1; } // found a match! //Serial.print("Found ID #"); //Serial.print(finger.fingerID); return finger.fingerID; } uint8_t deleteFingerprint(uint8_t id) { uint8_t p = -1; lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Please wait"); p = finger.deleteModel(id); if (p == FINGERPRINT_OK) { //Serial.println("Deleted!"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Figer Deleted"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Successfully"); delay(1000); } else { //Serial.print("Something Wrong"); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Something Wrong"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Try Again Later"); delay(2000); return p; } } void Vote() { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Please Place"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Your Vote"); digitalWrite(indVote, HIGH); digitalWrite(indFinger, LOW); digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH); delay(500); digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW); delay(1000); while (1) { if (digitalRead(sw1) == 0) { vote1++; voteSubmit(1); EEPROM.write(0, vote1); while (digitalRead(sw1) == 0) ; return; } if (digitalRead(sw2) == 0) { vote2++; voteSubmit(2); EEPROM.write(1, vote2); while (digitalRead(sw2) == 0) ; return; } if (digitalRead(sw3) == 0) { vote3++; voteSubmit(3); EEPROM.write(2, vote3); while (digitalRead(sw3) == 0) ; return; } if (digitalRead(resultsw) == 0) { lcd.clear(); lcd.setCursor(0, 0); lcd.print("Can1"); lcd.setCursor(6, 0); lcd.print("Can2"); lcd.setCursor(12, 0); lcd.print("Can3"); for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { lcd.setCursor(i * 6, 1); lcd.print(EEPROM.read(i)); } delay(2000); int vote = vote1 + vote2 + vote3; if (vote) { if ((vote1 > vote2 && vote1 > vote3)) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Can1 Wins"); delay(2000); lcd.clear(); } else if (vote2 > vote1 && vote2 > vote3) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Can2 Wins"); delay(2000); lcd.clear(); } else if ((vote3 > vote1 && vote3 > vote2)) { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("Can3 Wins"); delay(2000); lcd.clear(); } else { lcd.clear(); lcd.print(" Tie Up Or "); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print(" No Result "); delay(1000); lcd.clear(); } } else { lcd.clear(); lcd.print("No Voting...."); delay(1000); lcd.clear(); } vote1 = 0; vote2 = 0; vote3 = 0; vote = 0; lcd.clear(); return; } } digitalWrite(indVote, LOW); } void voteSubmit(int cn) { lcd.clear(); if (cn == 1) lcd.print("Can1"); else if (cn == 2) lcd.print("Can2"); else if (cn == 3) lcd.print("Can3"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Vote Submitted"); digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH); delay(1000); digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW); digitalWrite(indVote, LOW); return; } |
Demo Photo
When turned on the system the LCD will display the welcome message and is ready to used.
If the fingerprint Sensor is detected properly Then the LCD will display a Module Found message.
Now you enrol your fingers one by one with the serial number
Video
Conclusion
The Fingerprint-based Voting System using Arduino offers a reliable and secure method for conducting voting processes. By using fingerprint authentication, it ensures that each person can vote only once and reduces the risk of fraudulent activities. However, it is important to consider additional security measures and legal requirements when implementing such a system in real-world scenarios.
Arduino Based Projects
